Damdama Lake, situated in Sohna—a small town in the Gurgaon district of Haryana—is one of the largest natural reservoirs in the state. Spanning approximately 12.14 square kilometres or 3,000 acres, This Lake is not only significant due to its size but also for its rich ecological diversity and growing reputation as a tourist destination. Its unique formation, natural surroundings, and recreational offerings make Damdama Lake an important natural asset in Haryana’s landscape.
The lake was created in 1947 when the rulers
under the British East India Company era constructed a stone and earthen dam to
conserve rainwater. Fed primarily by monsoon rainfall originating from the Aravalli Range—the ancient
mountain belt of western India—Damdama Lake is sustained by an embankment that
regulates its water levels. While the water depth ranges about 20 feet during
summer and winter months, it rises dramatically to between 50 and 60 feet
during the rainy season, highlighting its reliance on monsoon precipitation.
Topographically, Damdama Lake is positioned
amidst rugged and mountainous terrain characterized by deep undulations. The
lake’s irregular shape, often likened to an amoeba, mirrors the diverse
micro-habitats it supports. The region experiences hot and arid summers, with
temperatures soaring up to 45–47 degrees Celsius, making the cooler months from
October to March the ideal time to visit.
Ecologically, Damdama Lake plays a pivotal
role as a sanctuary for avian biodiversity. It is a favoured habitat for over
190 species of birds, both local and migratory, especially during the autumn
and winter seasons. Visitors can witness an array of waterfowl species, cranes,
cormorants, terns, egrets, and kingfishers. Additionally, the surrounding
pastures serve as a habitat for indigenous fauna such as bulls and peacocks.
This biological wealth highlights the lake’s importance not only for ecological
conservation but also for promoting eco-tourism.
The lake’s significance extends beyond its
natural wealth to cultural heritage. Near its shores lies a medieval Shiva
temple, constructed by the feudal rulers of Bharatpur (Gwalior), adding a
historical dimension to the site’s appeal. This amalgamation of nature and
heritage enriches the overall experience for visitors.
Tourism around Damdama Lake has flourished,
with the location becoming a preferred weekend getaway for residents of nearby
metropolitan areas seeking respite from urban life. The serene natural environment,
set against the backdrop of the Aravalli Hills, provides a picturesque setting.
Recreational activities available at the lake cater to diverse preferences:
boating options include rowboats, paddle boats, and motorboats, facilitating
leisurely exploration of the water body.
Moreover, Damdama Lake has emerged as an
adventure sports hub. It offers facilities for parasailing, kayaking, cycling,
angling, rock climbing, and valley crossing, attracting adventure enthusiasts
from both local and out-of-town locations. This blend of calm natural beauty
with thrilling activities exemplifies the lake’s multifaceted appeal.
In summary, Damdama Lake stands out as a
significant ecological and tourism landmark in Haryana. Its natural reservoir
formed by monsoon-fed waters, diverse flora and fauna, and array of leisure and
adventure activities make it a vital destination for nature lovers and tourists
alike. The lake not
only contributes to the preservation of biodiversity but also provides
recreational and cultural enrichment to visitors, underscoring its role in Haryana
environmental and touristic framework.